Who take part in monitoring?
EM measures are imposed by a range of criminal justice organisations including the courts, police, and prisons. The organisations which implement decisions differ between countries. In the case of the monitoring of young people, the following organisations are usually involved:
- Police
- Probation Services
- Prison and/or youth custody services
- Child protection and social services
- Providers of monitoring and technical support (e.g. private companies)
EM can be used as:
means to make sure that a person does not have to go to prison during the criminal process or as part of the punishment. (Front-door EM measures)
a reward of good behaviour in prison by allowing a person to leave the prison early on EM (Back-door EM measures)
The purpose of EM is generally to monitor compliance with conditions or requirements, but the technology is also able to assist people otherwise.
EM can be used to monitor the only condition or multiple conditions such as curfews, community service/unpaid work, participation in rehabilitation programmes, training, attending school, etc.
EM is used for both adults and children and young people. Children and young people are classed as a special group in England and Wales, Hungary and the Netherlands, which require particular procedures and safeguards. The authorities which implement EM with children and young people often have special knowledge in working with children.
If you have any comments or suggestions, please contact Eszter Párkányi (e.parkanyi[at]leeds.ac.uk).
Last updated: 12/12/2018